Fake News

Tampering with images and voices is a danger to both the manipulated person and society. When not consented, the victim may have his honor and credibility undermined, as well as possible psychological harm.
Those who have made decisions based on such tampering can suffer various forms of harm. Imagine the situation of creating an alibi to exonerate a criminal by claiming that he was in an environment, as it was filmed talking to strangers, when in reality he could have committed a crime elsewhere.
Another consequence is to make people discredit any information that is true and genuine, as it becomes difficult to identify the truth of what is being reported. It is likely that in the future it will be very difficult to identify deepfakes; For now, this is still possible.
Carefully check the blinking of the eyes, facial expressions, movement of the speaker's mouth and lips, and compare with what is being said.
Be aware of the speaker's manner, intensity, pitch, timbre, duration, accent, and flaws in the voice of the speaker being evaluated and compare with other recognizably original characteristics. Observe the eye movements and breathing of the speaker to see if they are unnatural.
Most of the time, algorithms do not reproduce these aspects well. If you know the person who appears in the video, compare whether what is being said is consistent with your profile, personality and characteristics. Also analyze the date of production and distribution of the video, the source and who is disclosing.
For now, society is still at the mercy of this new phenomenon, and there is a need for measures and precautions to be taken so as not to cause the same ills as fake news.
The creation of specific legislation to address the issue and the careful sharing of videos are examples of actions to hinder or prevent the production and dissemination of these videos.
The book of Genesis states that Adam and Eve would know good and evil by eating the forbidden fruit. These days, by contrast, deepfakes usually promise good, but in practice it has provided us with evil. Welcome to hell.Allegorically, it can be said that fake news arose with the very creation of the world, when the serpent deceived the first humans on earth about the benefits of tasting the forbidden fruit.
The question here is how could a creature originating from the Creator deceive Adam and Eve, also conceived by the same Supreme Being. Why would God do that? In the case of the serpent, quoted in the book of Genesis, someone would have induced her to say something to deceive the couple.
So we can say that the term deepfake may have come about right there: when a hidden being with spurious intentions spoke for the serpent. Fake news and deepfakes are older than social media themselves, which emerged when prehistoric men drew rock figures and paintings on cave stones, rocks, and walls.
The expression deepfake comes from the joining of two ideas in English: deep learning and fake, which can be freely translated as deep falsehood.
In short, deepfake is a technique of synchronizing sounds and speech with originally existing videos, using artificial intelligence (AI). Roughly speaking, it would be the modern version of ventriloquism, the art in which a handler projects a voice onto a doll.
The term became well known and gained popularity from 2017, when fake celebrity videos were produced. Unsurprisingly, the special computer effects that shape faces and people, bring inanimate beings to life, and create scenes with actions that cannot occur in a real situation.
For years, these images have been part of everyday life, especially in film productions. However, innovation lies in the ease with which they can be produced and popularized through more advanced and easily accessible programs and computers.
In 2018, the deepfake produced by American actor and director Jordan Peele became worldwide known. He voiced a speech by former US President Barack Obama, using software to make perfect the synchronization of spoken words with facial movement.
This video, of a few seconds, warned of the danger of such technology. In Brazil, that same year, the case of a politician who was the victim of a leaked video with intimate scenes stood out.
Like fake news, this new trap also has impactful consequences, as it can mislead people and / or discredit them into any information available through the various media.
This technology employs software that contains learning-oriented code libraries. The programmer provides hundreds or thousands of photos and videos of the person being manipulated.
This information will be processed by a neural network, causing the system to learn how a face is determined, how it moves, and how it reacts to external factors such as light and shadow.
After testing the various combinations of these elements, the program finds the perfect point for the physiognomy to be forged. These programs are becoming increasingly sophisticated and affordable, making it easier to produce and distribute false information in the interests of those who own these tools.
The technology is of great use in replacing the stunt faces of those in risky scenes with those of actors who cannot get injured so as not to interrupt recording, or who are not apt to perform certain actions.
It allows you to change the faces of those who were actually filmed by those that will appear on TV or movie screens. While on the one hand the manipulations addressed here can be well used, as in the production of films and commercials, on the other can have an evil side.