Guelma

The state of Guelma is a pastoral region in which people have settled since the dawn of history, as evidenced by many Libyan tools and writings and funerary monuments found by archaeologists. The ancient words of Hiboun, Tagast and Sirta are certainly the center of the Amranian civilization during the millennium. (Kalama), because of its location in the heart of Eastern Numidia and the kingdom of (Masi), which covered the north of Constantine at that time, A witness of the wars And the Carthaginian king of Rome and Carthage to control the region. He tells us that the barbarian king waged a battle against the Roman general (Postinius) not far from his walls in the region of Ain Nishma. At the beginning of the first century of our time, these words became a flourishing monarchy. first colonized by Hibun (Annaba) and Sevist during the reign of Severus, the main cereal reserve of the empire, with its theater of 4,500 seats, one of the largest and best preserved Roman theaters in Africa North. Its position as pole of exchange and economy and its situation at the crossroads At the center of the old center of Rusikada Skikda, Tagast, Hippon and Tefast, all the old Carthaginian castles, Kalma became a cultural fortress shared with During the ascension and domination of Christianity, Kalma attained the rank of episcopal. From the Priestly province of Numidia under the authority of the bishop (Possidius), and with the arrival of the Vandal in 431 AD, Poseidis turned to Gibson to collapse under the reign of Emperor Genseric before to be restored by Byzantium in the reinvasion of North Africa by General Solomon) (Solomon) under Justin (Justinian), who gave him a strong position, saw many words Before the first wave of Islamic conquest in the eighth century of our era and at the beginning of the eleventh century (11), the influx of Hilalites began (compared to the tribe of Bani Hilal), where one of their destinations was formed according to Ibn Khaldoun, Thanks to the Fatimids and Zairians, the language regained its status as a cultural and economic center. From the twelfth century, in the Ottoman era, Guelma became a refuge for passers-by, losing its importance and going through a recession that lasted until the French occupation.

With the aim of decentralization in 1986, the bursting of the 03 dairates composing the wilaya at the time gave birth to 05 dairates: Guelma, Guelaat-Bou-Saba, Oued-Zenati, Bouchegouf, Khezaras, Hammam Debagh and 34 communes of which 21 mother communes and 13 new creations.

The territory of the Wilaya currently contains 34 communes which constitute the territorial units and 10 dairates after the administrative division of 1990 including 04 newly created dairates: Heliopolis, Ain-Makhlouf, Ain-Hessainia (Houari Boumediene) and Hammam N'bails

It should be noted that this division shows communes of an intermediate level of urbanization, semi-urban communes and rural communes.

The wilaya of Guelma also occupies a strategic geographical position, as a crossroads in the northeastern region of Algeria, connecting the coastline of the Wilaya of Annaba, EI Tarf and Skikda, to the interior regions such as the Wilaya of Constantine, Oum EI Bouagui and Souk Ahras.

The holy month of Ramadan is an opportunity for every Muslim family to prepare the traditional dishes and to prepare them for the fasting of the fasting, so that the housewives will be able to offer different types of traditional and new dishes during the Holy month of Ramadan. With delicious and healthy meals that are not absent from the tables throughout the holy month.

One of the main dishes that are characterized by their wonderful taste and simple ingredients of "frik", tomatoes, mint, "dabsh" and "karafs" in Guelma, we find the "drink of frik" or the so-called "current" which is not without Ramadan tables for a whole month, Daily "Burak" or "Bareika", as well as a dish of "Maraqah Halawah" known as "Tajin Lahlou" or "Ain Al-Bakr", which is one of the most delicious and famous dishes in the Islamic kitchen, especially on the first day of the holy month, Dried as dried raisins, apricots and "cow's eye".

Islamic families are keen on the presence of the traditional dish "Alruida", which is one of the main foods in the region, which provides the body with the energy lost by fasting during the day of fasting, which consists of this dish of dough and meat and gravy, and is characterized by «Shakhshokhp», the most popular eaters cooks on occasions and holidays In addition to the "fattir" known in the region as "grace", which is a paste prepared by hand and add to the broth made of meat and vegetables, and offers these popular dishes of "Tharidah", "Shakhshokh" and "Fajr" in the middle of the holy month or in The 27th night of blessed Ramadan.

It is also considered one of the most important dishes of Suhur in Guelma, where the method of preparation is then changed by adding some dry fruits such as raisins, and then change its name to "Msefouf", with the introduction to Side of "curd milk".

The dish of "casserole", whether "dumplings" or "gourds", is a daily meal that can be served at breakfast with "friq drink" or other dishes.

It is also one of the most healthy foods classified in the sweets that distinguish the "Najabi" diet, which is sugars and vitamins and consists of ground rice, milk and sugar, so as not to miss the Islamic tables in the holy month of Ramadan.

Guelma is one of the most important cities in Algeria. Besides, it is a tourist city where there are hot springs and baths that attract many tourists from inside and outside the country, which would move the wheel of growth in the state without forgetting its history of heroines and certificates. Majjaz May 8, 1945, which led to the death of about 45 thousand martyrs by the colonial authorities and perhaps make it more important also is the nature of the peasant as the mandate of the vast areas of agricultural investment.

The state of Galima is famous for its traditional dishes, topped with chocolates and couscous, which are considered the favorite dishes for the people and the people of the state, especially in the occasions and weddings along with the seasonal food, especially during the month of Ramadan, such as soup and bourak, either in weddings, the state is famous for a variety of sweets, especially baklava,